Henryk Siemiradzki (Russian: Генрих Ипполитович Семирадский; 1843-1902)
was a Polish Academic painter. He was particularly known for his
depictions of scenes from the ancient Graeco-Roman world and the New
Testament.
Siemiradzki was born to a Polish szlachta family of a military
physician in the village of Novobelgorod (now Pechenegi) near Kharkov,
Ukraine. He studied at Kharkov Gymnasium where he learned painting
under a scion of Karl Briullov, D. I. Besperchy. He entered the
Physics-Mathematics School of Kharkov University but continued his
painting lessons from Bespechy.
After graduating from the University with the degree of Kandidat he
abandoned his scientific career and moved to Saint Petersburg to study
painting at the Imperial Academy of Arts in the years 1864-1870. Upon
his graduation he was awarded a gold medal. In 1870-1871 he studied
under Karl von Piloty in Munich on a grant from the Academy. In 1871 he
moved to Rome, while spending summers at his estate in Strzałkowo, near
Częstochowa in Poland.
In 1873 he received the title of an Academician of the Imperial Academy
of Arts for his painting Christ and a Sinner on a verse by Aleksey
Konstantinovich Tolstoy. In 1876-1879 Siemiradzki worked on frescoes
for the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour (Moscow). In 1879 he offered
one of his best-known works, the enormous Pochodnie Nerona (Nero's
torches), painted 1876, to the fledgeling Polish National Museum in
Kraków. In 1893 he worked on two large paintings for the State
Historical Museum (Moscow). His works are exhibited in the museums of
Poland, Russia and Ukraine.
He died in Strzałkowo in 1902. Originally he was buried in Warsaw but
later his remains were moved to the national Pantheone on Skałka in
Kraków.
Many of his paintings depict scenes from antiquity, commonly sunlit
utopian scenes or compositions presenting the lives of early
Christians. He also painted biblical and historical scenes, landscapes,
and portraits. His well known works also include the painted curtains
for the Juliusz Słowacki theatre in Kraków, and for the Lviv theatre.
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